中华人民共和国海事局关于印发《中国沿海防范商渔船碰撞事故指引（2023版）》的通知

中远海运集团、招商局集团、中交建设集团，中国航海学会、中国船东协会、中国无船承运人及代理协会、中国水上交通安全协会，各省、自治区、直辖市交通运输厅（局、委），各直属海事局：

为防范化解商渔船碰撞风险，引导广大航运企业、沿海航行船舶及船员更好落实水上交通安全主体责任，进一步强化商渔船防碰撞工作，现将《中国沿海防范商渔船碰撞事故指引（2023版）》印发给你们，请结合实际做好宣传推广和使用工作。

中华人民共和国海事局

2023年9月22日

（此件公开发布）

中国沿海防范商渔船碰撞事故指引

GUIDELINE FOR THE PREVENTION OF COLLISION BETWEEN MERCHANT VESSELS AND FISHING VESSELS IN COASTAL WATERS OF CHINA

本指引参考《1972年国际海上避碰规则》和中国沿海商渔船航行实际，结合航运公司、行业协会、海事院校的实践经验，坚持“安全第一、预防为主”的原则，对在中国沿海航行商船优化航行方法，规范避让行动和应急救助等提出建议，旨在为船舶预防碰撞事故提供指导，提升商渔船碰撞风险防控能力。

This guideline incorporates the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea 1972, as well as the navigation and fishing practices specific to the coastal waters of China. It also takes into account the practical experiences of shipping companies, industry associations and maritime institutions. Following the principle of Prioritizing Safety and Emphasizing Prevention, this guideline offers recommendations to optimize navigation techniques, regulate action to avoid collision, and address emergency rescue measures for merchant vesselsnavigating in the coastal waters of China. Its objective is to provide guidance on collision prevention and to improve the collision risk control capabilities of both merchant and fishing vessels.

一、航行方法

1. Navigation Techniques

目的港为中国沿海港口或航经中国沿海的船舶，开航前应重点关注中国沿海渔场分布，加强航次避碰风险分析评估，科学制定航次计划。涉及渔船密集水域的，要时刻谨记：安全第一、宁可绕行、不要冒险！如必须进入渔船密集水域，应尽可能了解渔船捕鱼作业的方式及对捕鱼号灯及网具的识别方法等，掌握渔船捕鱼的交通流向，提前制定避让方案，找出最佳穿越航线。

Prior to voyages bound for Chinese ports or transiting through coastal waters of China, special attention should be paid to the spatial distribution of fishing grounds in these areasbefore departure. It is essential to conduct a thorough collision risk assessment and carefully make voyage plans. Beware of the clusters of fishing vessels and prioritize safety above all, opting to avoid such clusters rather than taking unnecessary risks. In situations where entry into waters with high concentrations of fishing vessels is unavoidable, proper identification of fishing vessels, their lights, shapes, and nets, as well as their ongoing fishing operations, is highly recommended. Developing a collision avoidance plan in advance to safely pass clear of all fishing vessels and their nets is strongly advised.

（一）进入渔船密集区水域之前。

1.1 Prior to entering areas with high concentrations of fishing vessels.

1.召开航行安全会议，确保驾驶台所有航行值班人员知晓渔船作业特点、渔船密集水域航行安全注意事项，进一步评估碰撞风险、优化避让方案、通报情况，并督促船员遵照执行。

1.1.1 A navigation safety meeting should be organized to ensure that all bridge watch-keeping personnel are well-informed about the characteristics of fishing operations, safety precautions for navigating in areas with high concentrations of fishing vessels, comprehensive collision risk assessment, optimization of collision avoidance plans, information reporting and sharing, as well as emphasizing the importance of crew members adhering to these guidelines.

2.对雷达、电子海图、船舶自动识别系统、航行数据记录仪、甚高频无线电话，以及航行灯、白昼信号灯和其他声响信号设备进行检查和测试，确保正常可用。

1.1.2 Thoroughly inspect and test navigational aids and communication equipment, including radar, ECDIS/ECS, AIS, VDR, VHF, navigation lights, Aldis light, and other sound-signaling appliances, to ensure that they are all in good working condition.