二、避让行动

2. Action to Avoid Collision

（一）坚持“早、大、宽、清”。

2.1 Actions to avoid collision shall be taken in ample time, be substantial, at safe distance, and be finally past and clear.

（二）构成碰撞危险时，及早通过VHF16频道呼叫渔船。若数次尝试呼叫无应答，应主动采取避让行动，同时采用汽笛、灯光等其他视听方式进行警告。

2.2 When there is a risk of collision with fishing vessels, the latter should be called  via VHF CH 16 as early as possible. If there is no response after several attempts, avoiding actions should be taken proactively, and use other sound and light signals to warn the fishing vessels.

（三）发现需紧急避让的渔船，可用白昼信号灯闪烁至少5次，和/或用至少5短声连续声号引起渔船注意。紧急避让时，除用舵避让外，应同时考虑主机协调，减速避让。

2.3 While emergency action is needed to avoid a fishing vessel, at least 5 short and rapid flashes by Aldis light and / or at least 5 short and rapid blasts on the whistle can be used to attract the attention of the fishing vessel. In an emergency collision avoidance situation, in addition to a course alteration, reducing speed or stopping engine should be considered.

（四）值班驾驶员在避让渔船的同时，也要重点识别和关注其他商船的动态，以免与其构成碰撞危险，尤其是处在众多渔船中的商船。

2.4 Special attention should also be paid to the movements of other merchant vessels when taking action to avoid fishing vessels, so as not to develop risk of collision with other merchant vessels, especially when they are navigating amidst a large number of fishing vessels.

（五）能见度不良情况下，应按规定鸣放声号，必要时加派人员瞭头。

2.5 In or near an area of restricted visibility, sound signals should be used as required, and lookout(s) should be posted at bow if necessary.

（六）大风浪天气情况下，应降低航速、加强瞭望，严防渔船在视觉、雷达盲区内难于发现。

2.6 In adverse weather, speed should be adjusted and lookout be enhanced, as fishing vessels located in the visual and radar blind sectors can be difficult to be identified.

（七）特别注意事项。

2.7 Matters requiring special attention.

1.语言沟通时要充分考虑口音、语言表达等方面的局限性，确保双方互相清楚对方意图。

2.7.1 While engaging in verbal communication, it is important to consider potential communication barriers such as accents and language expressions. This consideration ensures that both parties involved have a clear understanding of each other's intentions.

2.若观测到渔船航速在3节左右时，往往该渔船正在捕鱼作业中，操作能力受限，需采取行动主动避让。